This tool can be opened using .
补丁包是一个压缩包,包含一组包和它们的依赖关系。要更好地解释什么是补丁包,最好是显示一些使用情况。
您可以添加多个包到一个补丁包中,用逗号来分隔它们,例如 hal,gnome-power-manager。
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您已经安装了 Fedora 9,有七个桌面,每个需要安装 240Mb 的更新。
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您有一个笔记本电脑,在下载更新前需要网络驱动,并且您还有一个类似的更新了的可以访问网络的笔记本。网络驱动需要一些依赖关系,在它们安装前会被升级。
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您经常要在他人的机子上安装 Linux,您携带一张 live-cd 光盘和一个装有 240Mb Fedora-updates-SP1.servicepack 的优盘,里面包含了上星期以来全部的更新。
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一个自由软件杂志想随最新的 Fedora 发行版 DVD,发布专利许可限制的多媒体插件和程序。他们想通过一种方法,甚至最不勤快的用户也可以不费多少周折完成安装。
在内部,包文件是没有压缩的 tar 包,跟它在一起的还有一个 metadata.conf 文件,这个文件是发行版的标识,以及创建时间。这确保您不会把一个 fedora-9-i386 补丁包安装到 ubuntu-intrepid-ppc 的系统中。
我们需要一个目标文件列表,因为我们不知道哪些包安装到了目标主机上,例如:
计算机A 安装了下列包,能访问互联网。
- glib
- dbus
- dbus-glib
- libgnome
计算机 B 安装下列包,不能访问互联网。
- glib
- dbus
- kdebase
- kdeapps
计算机 B 想要一个包含新版 k3b 的补丁包,以便能够刻录 DVD-RW。
The k3b program has dependencies of dbus,
dbus-glib and kdebase.
Now, if we asked computer A to download k3b, it would download
k3b and kdebase, but
not dbus-glib.
We need to provide computer A with the information about what packages computer B
has got installed before we can create the service pack.
If we generate a package list on computer B, and the transfer it to
computer A on a USB pendrive or CD-RW we can download the correct packages.
In this case we would download k3b and
dbus-glib and pack it into the new service pack.
现在,补丁包可以用优盘从 A 传给 B 了。
pkgenpack 命令行工具也可以用于创建补丁包。
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- Copyright © 2008 Richard Hughes (richard@hughsie.com)
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