ਵਰਤੋਂ
- 3.1. ਮੁੱਢਲੀ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਵੇਖਣੀ
- 3.2. ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ
- 3.3. ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਲੜੀਬੱਧ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ
- 3.4. To Modify the Contents of the Process List
- 3.5. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਦਾ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਨਕਸ਼ਾ ਵੇਖਣਾ
- 3.6. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਦੀ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਬਦਲਣੀ
- 3.7. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨਾ
- 3.8. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨਾ
- 3.9. CPU ਵਰਤੋਂ ਮਾਨੀਟਰੀ
- 3.10. ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਵੈਪ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਮਾਨੀਟਰੀ
- 3.11. ਨੈੱਟਵਰਕ ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਦੀ ਨਿਗਰਾਨੀ ਕਰਨੀ
- 3.12. ਫਾਇਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ
3.1. ਮੁੱਢਲੀ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਵੇਖਣੀ
To display basic system information, select the System tab.
In the System tab, information is organized into three groups:
- System Information
- ਹਾਰਡਵੇਅਰ
- ਸਿਸਟਮ ਹਾਲਤ
3.2. ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ
To display the process list, select the Processes tab.
In the Processes tab, the processes are organized as a table. The rows of the table display information about the processes. The columns represent information fields for the processes, such as the name of the user who owns the process, the amount of memory currently being used by the process, and so on. From left to right, the Processes tab displays the following columns by default:
- ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨਾਂ
- ਹਾਲਤ
- %CPU
- ਨਾਈਸ
- ID
- ਮੈਮੋਰੀ
ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ 'ਚ ਕਾਲਮ ਵੇਖਣੇ ਕਿੰਝ ਬਦਲਣ ਹਨ, ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਲਈ ਸ਼ੈਕਸ਼ਨ 4.1 ― ਪਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਵੇਖੋ।
3.2.1. ਮੁੱਢਲਾ (ਪੇਰੈੱਟ) ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਅਤੇ ਚਾਲਈਡ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ
A parent process is a process that spawns another process. The spawned process is a child process of the original parent process. By default, System Monitor does not show process dependencies. For information about how to change the default display behavior, see ਸ਼ੈਕਸ਼ਨ 3.4.4 ― ਨਿਰਭਰਤਾ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ.
3.2.2. ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਅਤੇ ਨਾਈਸ ਮੁੱਲ
Processes run in order of priority: high-priority processes run before low-priority processes. Child processes generally inherit their priority from their parent process.
The priority of a process is set by the nice value of the process, as follows:
- A nice value of 0 means that the process has normal priority.
- The higher the nice value, the lower the priority.
- The lower the nice value, the higher the priority.
For information about how to change the priority of a process, see ਸ਼ੈਕਸ਼ਨ 3.6 ― ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਦੀ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਬਦਲਣੀ.
3.3. ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਲੜੀਬੱਧ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ
ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਲਿਸਟ ਲੜੀਬੱਧ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ, ਹੇਠ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਪਗ਼ ਹਨ:
- Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
- By default, the processes are listed by name, in alphabetical order. To list the processes in reverse alphabetical order, click on the Process Name column header.
- Click on any column header to sort the processes by the information in that column, in alphabetical or numerical order.
- Click again on the column header to sort the data in reverse alphabetical or reverse numerical order.
3.4. To Modify the Contents of the Process List
You can modify the contents of the process list in several ways.
- 3.4.1. ਸਭ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਵੇਖਣੇ
- 3.4.2. To Show Only Processes Owned by the Current User
- 3.4.3. ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਸਰਗਰਮ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ
- 3.4.4. ਨਿਰਭਰਤਾ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ
3.4.1. ਸਭ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਵੇਖਣੇ
To show all processes in the process list, perform the following steps:
- Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
- Choose .
3.4.2. To Show Only Processes Owned by the Current User
To show only the processes that are owned by the current user, perform the following steps:
- Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
- Choose .
3.4.3. ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਸਰਗਰਮ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ
To show only the active processes in the process list, perform the following steps:
- Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
- Choose .
3.4.4. ਨਿਰਭਰਤਾ ਵੇਖਣ ਲਈ
To show process dependencies in the process list, perform the following steps:
- Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
- ਚੁਣੋ।
If the
menu item is selected, the processes are listed as follows:- Parent processes are indicated by a triangle symbol to the left of the process name. Click on the triangle symbol to show or hide the associated child processes.
- Child processes are indented, and listed with their parent process.
If the
menu item is not selected:- Parent processes and child processes are not distinguishable.
- All processes are listed in alphabetical order.
3.5. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਦਾ ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਨਕਸ਼ਾ ਵੇਖਣਾ
To display memory maps for a process, perform the following steps:
- Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
- Select the process in the process list.
- ਚੁਣੋ।
The Memory Maps dialog displays the information in tabular format. The name of the process is displayed above the memory-map table. From left to right, the Memory Maps dialog displays the following columns:
- ਫਾਇਲ ਨਾਂ
-
The location of a shared library that is currently used by the process. If this field is blank, the memory information in this row describes memory that is owned by the process whose name is displayed above the memory-map table.
- VM ਸ਼ੁਰੂ
-
The address at which the memory segment begins.
- VM ਅੰਤ
-
The address at which the memory segment ends.
- VM ਆਕਾਰ
-
ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਸਿਗਮਿੰਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ ਹੈ।
- ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ
-
The following flags describe the different types of memory-segment access that the process can have:
- p
-
The memory segment is private to the process, and is not accessible to other processes.
- r
-
The process has permission to read from the memory segment.
- s
-
The memory segment is shared with other processes.
- w
-
The process has permission to write into the memory segment.
- x
-
The process has permission to execute instructions that are contained within the memory segment.
- VM Offset
-
The virtual memory offset of the memory segment.
- ਜੰਤਰ
-
The major and minor device numbers of the device on which the shared library filename is located.
- Inode
-
The inode on the device from which the shared library location is loaded into memory.
Click on any column header to sort the data by the information in that column, in alphabetical or numerical order. Click again on the column header to sort the data in reverse alphabetical or reverse numerical order.
Click Memory Maps dialog.
to close the3.6. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਦੀ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਬਦਲਣੀ
To change the priority of a process, perform the following steps:
-
Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
-
Select the process for which you want to change the priority.
-
Choose Change Priority dialog is displayed.
. The -
Use the slider to set the nice value of the process.
The nice value sets the priority of the process: the lower the nice value, the higher the priority.
To specify a nice value lower than zero, non-root users must enter the root password.
-
Click on the
button.
3.7. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨਾ
ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਹੇਠ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਪਗ਼ ਹਨ:
-
Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
-
ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹੋ, ਚੁਣੋ।
-
Choose
, or click on the button.By default, a confirmation alert is displayed. For information about how to display or hide the confirmation alert, see ਸ਼ੈਕਸ਼ਨ 4.1 ― ਪਰੋਸੈੱਸ.
-
Click on the System Monitor forces the process to finish normally.
button to confirm that you want to end the process.
ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਰੋਕਣਾ ਦਾ ਇਹ ਸਿਫਾਰਸ਼ੀ ਢੰਗ ਹੈ।
3.8. ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨਾ
ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਨੂੰ ਮਕਾਉਣ (ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨ) ਲਈ ਪਗ਼ ਅੱਗੇ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਹਨ:
-
Select the Processes tab to display the process list.
-
ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਚੁਣੋ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਖਤਮ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹੋ।
-
Choose
.By default, a confirmation alert is displayed. For information about how to display or hide the confirmation alert, see ਸ਼ੈਕਸ਼ਨ 4.1 ― ਪਰੋਸੈੱਸ.
-
Click on the System Monitor forces the process to finish immediately.
button to confirm that you want to terminate the process.
You usually terminate a process only if you cannot end the process normally as described in ਸ਼ੈਕਸ਼ਨ 3.7 ― ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਸੈੱਸ ਸਮਾਪਤ ਕਰਨਾ.
3.9. CPU ਵਰਤੋਂ ਮਾਨੀਟਰੀ
To monitor CPU usage, select the Resources tab.
System Monitor displays the CPU usage history in graphical format. Underneath the graph, System Monitor also displays the current CPU usage, as a percentage.
3.10. ਮੈਮੋਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਵੈਪ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਮਾਨੀਟਰੀ
To monitor memory and swap usage, select the Resources tab.
System Monitor displays the memory usage history and the swap usage history in graphical format. Underneath the graph, System Monitor also displays the following numerical values:
- Used memory out of total memory
- ਕੁੱਲ ਸਵੈਪ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਵਰਤੀ ਸਵੈਪ
3.11. ਨੈੱਟਵਰਕ ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਦੀ ਨਿਗਰਾਨੀ ਕਰਨੀ
To monitor network activity, select the Resources tab.
System Monitor displays the network history in graphical format. Underneath the graph, System Monitor also displays the following numerical values:
- Received data per second and total
- Sent data per second and total
3.12. ਫਾਇਲ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ
To monitor file systems, select the File Systems tab.
System Monitor displays mounted file systems in tabular format. From left to right, the table displays the following columns:
- ਜੰਤਰ
-
ਬਲਾਕ ਫਾਇਲ ਦਾ ਟਿਕਾਣਾ
- ਡਾਇਰੈਕਟਰੀ
-
Mount point (directory to access) of device
- ਕਿਸਮ
-
File system type
- ਕੁੱਲ
-
ਕੁੱਲ ਸਮੱਰਥਾ
- ਖਾਲੀ
-
Amount of space not in use
- ਉਪਲੱਬਧ
-
Amount of space which can be used
- ਵਰਤੀ
-
Amount of space which is used (and percentage of Total)